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The transitions of an era to another, along the history of the humanity, have characterized by the break regarding standards and values inherited. The twenty-first century does not escape this constant. This is probably the reason of the actual educational enthusiasm by authors such as Kant. Fragments are taken from him, the most of times decontextualized of the joint of his system, in order to propose them as challenges in the educational task. Some paradigmatic examples of this cut are the "dare you to think" of his article: "What is the illustration?" the notion of autonomy or the idea of freedom. It deepens very little on the full meaning of such expressions, and even less in its consequences.The majority of educators thinks finding in Kant the sustenance of rebel positions. Or he is considered the theoretical reference for destroying, in the name of the autonomy, with the traditional table of values and with the figures of authority.On the other hand, nowadays, multiple disciplines, pedagogy and neuroscience among them, reawaken the old philosophical question about freedom or determinism.The objective of this review is to discern contributions from the transcendental anthropology in order to achieve an integral understanding about freedom. Of the various approaches, this anthropology offers the key to discover solutions and answers to many of the problems that have today teachers in the classroom.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-95360-1_2

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